6. lekce – slovní zásoba (slovíčka) / Unit 6 – vocabulary
dny v týdnu |
days of the week |
pondělí |
Monday |
úterý |
Tuesday |
středa |
Wednesday |
čtvrtek |
Thursday |
pátek |
Friday |
sobota |
Saturday |
neděle |
Sunday |
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Předložky |
Prepositions |
v ACC |
on a day of the week |
v pondělí |
on Monday |
v úterý |
on Tuesday |
ve středu |
on Wednesday |
ve čtvrtek |
on Thursday |
v pátek |
on Friday |
v sobotu |
on Saturday |
v neděli |
on Sunday |
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Aktivity |
Activities |
mít volno (volný čas) |
to have free time |
trávit čas |
to spend time |
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-á- verbs |
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brouzdat (-á-) po internetu |
to browse the internet |
čekat (-á-) |
to wait |
dívat (-á-) se na ACC |
to look (at)/to watch |
chytat (-á-) ryby |
to catch fish |
koukat (se) (-á-) |
to watch |
koukat (se) na filmy |
to watch movies |
koukat (se) na televizi |
to watch tv |
mít volno (volný čas) |
to have free time |
odpočívat (-á-) |
to relax |
poslouchat hudbu |
to listen to music |
sbírat |
to collect |
sbírat houby |
to gather mushrooms |
sbírat komiksy |
to collect comics |
sbírat starožitnosti |
to collect antiques |
sbírat známky |
to collect stamps |
skládat puzzle (pronounced [pucle]) |
to put together a puzzle |
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-í- verbs |
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bruslit (-í-) |
to (ice) skate |
cvičit (-í-) |
to exercise |
cvičit (-í-) jógu |
to do yoga |
kutit |
to diy |
kreslit |
to draw |
chodit / jít |
to go |
chodit / jít (-í-) na procházku / procházky |
to go for a walk / walks |
chodit / jít(-í-) do kina |
to go to the movies |
chodit / jít se psem |
to walk walk with one’s dog |
chodit / jít na jedno |
to go for a beer |
jezdit / jet |
to ride (go by vehicle) |
jezdit / jet (-í-) na kole |
to ride bikes |
jezdit / jet (-í-) na kolečkových / inline bruslích |
to skate / rollerblade |
jezdit / jet (-í-) na koni |
to ride a horse |
jezdit / jet (-í-) na skateboardu |
to skateboard |
jezdit / jet (-í-) na snowboardu |
to snowboard |
luštit křížovku |
to solve crosswords |
tančit (-í-) |
to dance |
venčit psa |
to walk the dog |
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-e- verbs (stems given in parentheses) |
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cestovat (-e-) |
to travel |
číst (čt-) |
to read |
hrát (-e- hraj-) |
to play |
hrát baseball |
to play baseball |
hrát basketbal |
to play basketball |
hrát fotbal |
to play soccer |
hrát volejbal |
to play volleyball |
hrát karty |
to play cards |
hrát počítačové hry |
to play computer games |
hrát videohry |
to play video games |
hrát stolní hry |
to play board games |
hrát (-e- hraj-) na hudební nástroj (ACC) |
to play an instrument |
hrát na bubny/bicí |
to play the drums |
hrát na klavír |
to play the piano |
hrát na kytaru |
to play the guitar |
koupat se (-e-; koup-) |
to swim (play swimming) |
lézt (-e-; lez-) na skálu |
to rock climb |
lyžovat (-e-) |
to ski |
malovat (-e-) |
to paint |
opalovat se (-e-) |
to suntan |
plavat (-e-; plav-) |
to swim |
posilovat (-e-) |
to workout |
pracovat (-e-) |
to work |
pracovat (-e-) na zahradě |
to work in the garden |
programovat (-e-) |
to program |
sportovat (-e-) |
to do sports |
surfovat (-e-) po internetu |
to surf the internet |
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Domácí povinnosti |
Chores |
uklízet (-í-) |
to clean |
mýt (myj-; -e-) nádobí in some dialects – umývat |
to wash the dishes |
dávat nádobí do myčky |
to load the dishwasher |
vyndávat nádobí z myčky |
to unload the dishwasher |
prát (-e-; per-) prádlo |
to do laundry |
vynášet (-í-) odpadky |
to take out the trash |
vytírat podlahu |
to mop the floor |
utírat prach |
to dust |
vysávat |
to vacuum |
luxovat[1] |
to vacuum |
žehlit |
to iron |
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Další slovesa |
Additional Verbs |
moct (-e; můž-) |
to be able |
snažit se |
to try (one’s best), to make effort |
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Čas |
Time Vocabulary |
včera |
yesterday |
předevčírem |
the day before yesterday |
teď |
now |
tenkrát |
then (some time in the past) |
(v)loni (v létě/v zimě) letos |
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minulý |
last |
If you want to use the word minulý – ‘last’ to say things like last Monday , last year, last Sunday, etc. just use the word minulý (making sure to pay attention to gender of the noun you put it in). The entire expression should be in the accusative case. In many instances, Czech will use the word minulý less than we use last to describe things, choosing instead other ways, such as včera večer ‘yesterday evening’ instead of last night or (v)loni ‘last year’ instead of less common minulý rok.
Byl jsem tam minulou sobotu. – I was there last Saturday. Minulý týden jsem byla v New Yorku. – Last week I was in New York. |
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každý |
each / every |
If you want to use the word každý – ‘every’ to say things like every day, Wednesday, Friday, week, year, etc. just use the word každý (making sure to pay attention to gender of the noun you put it in). The entire expression should be in the accusative case.
Pracuju každý den. – I work every day. Chodím do hospody každou sobotu. – I go to the pub every Saturday. |
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co je dnes za den? |
what day is it today? |
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Jak často? |
How often? |
aspoň, (alespoň) |
at least |
často |
often |
častěji |
more often |
denně |
daily |
dvakrát |
twice |
jednou |
once |
Xkrát |
X many times (třikrát / čtyřikrát / …) |
měsíčně |
monthly |
nikdy ne- |
never |
někdy |
sometime / sometimes |
několikrát |
a few times |
obvykle |
usually |
občas |
from time to time |
ročně |
yearly |
týdně |
weekly |
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méně / míň |
less |
více / víc |
more |
nejméně / nejmíň |
the least |
nejvíce / nejvíc |
the most |
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Čas |
Time |
ráno |
morning / in the morning |
dopoledne |
late morning / in the late morning |
(v) poledne |
(at) noon |
během dne |
during the day |
odpoledne |
afternoon / in the afternoon |
večer |
evening / in the evening |
noc |
night |
v noci |
at night |
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Časová období |
Time Periods |
den |
day |
všední / pracovní den |
weekday |
týden |
week |
během týdne |
during the week |
víkend |
weekend |
o víkendu |
over the weekend |
měsíc |
month (also ‘moon’) |
rok |
year |
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Předložky |
Prepositions |
s INSTR (s Davidem, s Pavlou) |
with |
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Spojky |
Conjunctions |
když |
when / whenever *not for questions |
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Místa |
Places |
antikvariát |
used bookstore |
banka |
bank |
bankomat |
atm |
byt |
apartment |
centrum |
city center / downtown |
divadlo |
theater |
hospoda |
pub |
hrad (na) |
castle |
chata (na) |
cottage |
kancelář (f.) |
office |
kavárna |
(cafe), coffee shop |
kino |
movie theater |
knihkupectví |
bookstore |
knihovna |
library |
koncert (na) |
concert |
les |
forest |
letiště (n.) (na) |
airport |
město |
city |
muzeum (n.) |
museum |
nádraží (na) |
train/coach station |
náměstí (na) |
square |
nemocnice |
hospital |
obchod |
store |
panelák |
communist-era apartment |
park |
park |
pošta (na) |
post office |
restaurace |
restaurant |
supermarket |
supermarket |
škola |
school |
třída |
classroom |
univerzita |
university |
venkov (na) |
countryside |
vesnice |
village |
výlet (na) |
daytrip |
výstava (na) |
exhibition |
zahrada (na) |
garden,also yard or backyard |
záchod (na), toaleta/y[2] |
restroom |
[1] the verb luxovat is from the brand name Elektrolux (https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrolux). Such situations, where a brand name is used as a generic word, are pretty common in English, such as Xerox, kleenex, band-aid, and numerous others.
[2] toaleta/toalety has a slightly more formal feel